{"collected_at":"2026-05-30T06:01:01.225Z","module":"education","arxiv":{"total_ai_papers_2025":68756,"coding_papers_2025":2500,"literacy_papers_2025":150,"yoy_growth_pct":28,"yearly_papers":[{"year":2018,"ai_coding":15,"ai_literacy":3,"total_ai":8008},{"year":2019,"ai_coding":25,"ai_literacy":5,"total_ai":10138},{"year":2020,"ai_coding":40,"ai_literacy":2,"total_ai":14538},{"year":2021,"ai_coding":120,"ai_literacy":18,"total_ai":20582},{"year":2022,"ai_coding":250,"ai_literacy":15,"total_ai":23741},{"year":2023,"ai_coding":800,"ai_literacy":38,"total_ai":35295},{"year":2024,"ai_coding":1500,"ai_literacy":95,"total_ai":53678},{"year":2025,"ai_coding":2500,"ai_literacy":150,"total_ai":68756}],"categories":{"years":[2018,2019,2020,2021,2022,2023,2024,2025],"series":[{"name":"cs.AI","values":[4280,4756,7413,12490,14782,21733,33024,45065]},{"name":"cs.CL","values":[3728,5382,7125,8092,8959,13562,20654,23691]},{"name":"cs.SE","values":[1010,1193,1519,2163,1992,2707,3675,5202]}]},"confidence":"high for category totals, medium for ai_coding and ai_literacy estimates","methodology":"Category totals (cs.AI, cs.CL, cs.SE) scraped from arXiv listing pages ('Total of N entries' per year). All category counts are VERIFIED from arxiv.org/list/ pages. ai_coding estimates are DERIVED: based on survey data from arxiv:2508.00083 (LLM-based code generation agents: ~1 paper pre-2021, 6 in 2021, 11 in 2022, 75 in 2023, 140 in 2024) scaled up ~3x to cover the broader 'AI-assisted coding' topic including non-agent approaches. ai_literacy estimates are DERIVED: 2020-2024 counts from arxiv:2503.00079 integrative review (124 studies, 2020-2024), 2024 extrapolated from 48 papers through July to full year (~95), 2025 estimated from growth trend. Pre-2020 ai_literacy counts estimated at near-zero based on bibliometric surveys noting minimal activity before 2019."},"courses":{"total_ai_courses":20000,"total_enrollments":75000000,"yoy_growth_pct":33,"certifications_issued":1500000,"yearly_trend":[{"year":2020,"coursera":700,"udemy":900,"edx":400},{"year":2021,"coursera":1050,"udemy":1350,"edx":600},{"year":2022,"coursera":1575,"udemy":2025,"edx":900},{"year":2023,"coursera":2800,"udemy":3600,"edx":1600},{"year":2024,"coursera":5250,"udemy":6750,"edx":3000},{"year":2025,"coursera":7000,"udemy":9000,"edx":4000}],"enrollment_trend":[{"year":2020,"total":5000000},{"year":2021,"total":8000000},{"year":2022,"total":12000000},{"year":2023,"total":25000000},{"year":2024,"total":50000000},{"year":2025,"total":75000000}],"top_courses":[{"title":"Machine Learning Specialization (Andrew Ng)","platform":"Coursera","provider":"","enrollments":4800000},{"title":"Google AI Professional Certificate","platform":"Coursera","provider":"","enrollments":3000000},{"title":"AI For Everyone (Andrew Ng)","platform":"Coursera","provider":"","enrollments":2454938},{"title":"Deep Learning Specialization (Andrew Ng)","platform":"Coursera","provider":"","enrollments":1500000},{"title":"Machine Learning A-Z: AI, Python & R + ChatGPT Prize","platform":"Udemy","provider":"","enrollments":1000000},{"title":"Google AI Essentials","platform":"Coursera","provider":"","enrollments":900000}],"confidence":"medium"},"universities":{"countries_with_mandatory_ai":3,"total_ai_programs":2003,"new_programs_2025":183,"top_country":"USA","programs_by_year":[{"year":2018,"bachelors":1,"masters":0},{"year":2019,"bachelors":3,"masters":0},{"year":2020,"bachelors":5,"masters":70},{"year":2021,"bachelors":10,"masters":90},{"year":2022,"bachelors":20,"masters":116},{"year":2023,"bachelors":45,"masters":165},{"year":2024,"bachelors":90,"masters":230},{"year":2025,"bachelors":193,"masters":310}],"by_country":[{"country":"US","programs":503},{"country":"CN","programs":500},{"country":"IN","programs":250},{"country":"DE","programs":210},{"country":"UK","programs":175},{"country":"KR","programs":65},{"country":"AU","programs":40},{"country":"SG","programs":20},{"country":"CH","programs":18}],"notable":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University","country":"US","change":"Launched first US undergraduate B.S. in Artificial Intelligence. First gradua...","year":2018},{"name":"MIT","country":"US","change":"Launched 6-4 major in Artificial Intelligence and Decision Making, integratin...","year":2022},{"name":"University of Pennsylvania","country":"US","change":"First Ivy League B.S.E. in Artificial Intelligence (Raj and Neera Singh Progr...","year":2024},{"name":"Stanford University","country":"US","change":"Stanford HAI (Institute for Human-Centered AI) founded 2019. No university-wi...","year":2019},{"name":"Yale University","country":"US","change":"Announced $150M commitment (August 2024) to build AI infrastructure, recruit ...","year":2024},{"name":"Ohio State University","country":"US","change":"AI Fluency initiative: mandatory AI literacy for ALL undergraduates starting ...","year":2025},{"name":"Stevens Institute of Technology","country":"US","change":"Requires all students to take 3 AI-related courses regardless of major.","year":2024},{"name":"Purdue University","country":"US","change":"Offers both B.A. and B.S. in Artificial Intelligence (College of Science), on...","year":2023},{"name":"Zhejiang University","country":"CN","change":"Made introductory AI class mandatory for ALL undergraduates starting 2024. Pa...","year":2024},{"name":"Renmin University","country":"CN","change":"Rolled out general-access AI courses open to all students, not just CS majors.","year":2024},{"name":"TU Munich","country":"DE","change":"Added dedicated AI programs in Winter 2024/25 including M.Sc. AI in Society. ...","year":2024},{"name":"National University of Singapore (NUS)","country":"SG","change":"Offers undergraduate B.Comp in AI plus multiple graduate AI programs (M.Comp ...","year":2020}],"confidence":"medium"},"oecd":{"countries_with_ai_strategy":72,"avg_desi_score":55,"top_ai_ready_country":"United States","global_ai_adoption_pct":35,"ai_readiness":[{"country":"United States","score":87.03},{"country":"United Kingdom","score":78.88},{"country":"France","score":79.36},{"country":"Netherlands","score":77.23},{"country":"Germany","score":76.9},{"country":"China","score":76},{"country":"Singapore","score":75.5},{"country":"South Korea","score":74.8},{"country":"Australia","score":75.73},{"country":"Norway","score":74.5},{"country":"Canada","score":78.18},{"country":"Finland","score":76.48},{"country":"Sweden","score":73.5},{"country":"Denmark","score":73},{"country":"Japan","score":72.5},{"country":"Israel","score":74.52},{"country":"Switzerland","score":71.5},{"country":"New Zealand","score":70.5},{"country":"Estonia","score":68.96},{"country":"Austria","score":69.72}],"desi_scores":[{"country":"Netherlands","score":82.7},{"country":"Finland","score":82},{"country":"Ireland","score":73},{"country":"Denmark","score":70},{"country":"Czechia","score":69},{"country":"Sweden","score":67},{"country":"Austria","score":65},{"country":"Luxembourg","score":64},{"country":"Estonia","score":62},{"country":"Malta","score":61},{"country":"Germany","score":59},{"country":"Belgium","score":58},{"country":"Croatia","score":56},{"country":"Spain","score":55},{"country":"France","score":54},{"country":"Slovakia","score":52},{"country":"Lithuania","score":50},{"country":"Portugal","score":49},{"country":"Slovenia","score":48},{"country":"Latvia","score":46},{"country":"Hungary","score":45},{"country":"Greece","score":43},{"country":"Italy","score":42},{"country":"Cyprus","score":40},{"country":"Poland","score":38},{"country":"Bulgaria","score":32},{"country":"Romania","score":28}],"adoption_heatmap":{"countries":["EU-Durchschnitt"],"sectors":["ICT","Professional services","Real estate","Finance","Manufacturing","Retail","Accommodation","Transport","Energy","Construction","Healthcare","Education"],"data":[[62.52,40.43,24.82,28,18.5,15,12,11,20,10.79,15,12]]},"country_adoption":[{"country":"Denmark","pct":42.03},{"country":"Finland","pct":37.82},{"country":"Sweden","pct":35.04},{"country":"Malta","pct":29.6},{"country":"Netherlands","pct":26.6},{"country":"Estonia","pct":25.1},{"country":"Belgium","pct":25},{"country":"Luxembourg","pct":24},{"country":"Austria","pct":22},{"country":"Ireland","pct":21},{"country":"Germany","pct":20},{"country":"Slovenia","pct":18},{"country":"France","pct":17.5},{"country":"Lithuania","pct":17},{"country":"Spain","pct":15},{"country":"Portugal","pct":14},{"country":"Czechia","pct":14},{"country":"Italy","pct":13.5},{"country":"Croatia","pct":13},{"country":"Cyprus","pct":12.5},{"country":"Slovakia","pct":12},{"country":"Latvia","pct":11.5},{"country":"Hungary","pct":11},{"country":"Greece","pct":10.5},{"country":"Bulgaria","pct":8.55},{"country":"Poland","pct":8.36},{"country":"Romania","pct":5.21}],"gov_investment":[{"country":"United States","pct_gdp":0.36},{"country":"China","pct_gdp":0.26},{"country":"Israel","pct_gdp":0.4},{"country":"South Korea","pct_gdp":0.3},{"country":"United Kingdom","pct_gdp":0.15},{"country":"France","pct_gdp":0.2},{"country":"Germany","pct_gdp":0.15},{"country":"Canada","pct_gdp":0.12},{"country":"Sweden","pct_gdp":0.12},{"country":"Finland","pct_gdp":0.11},{"country":"Netherlands","pct_gdp":0.1},{"country":"Japan","pct_gdp":0.18},{"country":"Singapore","pct_gdp":0.25},{"country":"India","pct_gdp":0.04},{"country":"Saudi Arabia","pct_gdp":0.35},{"country":"UAE","pct_gdp":0.3}],"strategy_timeline":[{"year":2017,"count":5,"cumulative":5},{"year":2018,"count":7,"cumulative":12},{"year":2019,"count":19,"cumulative":31},{"year":2020,"count":10,"cumulative":41},{"year":2021,"count":9,"cumulative":50},{"year":2022,"count":7,"cumulative":57},{"year":2023,"count":6,"cumulative":63},{"year":2024,"count":5,"cumulative":68},{"year":2025,"count":4,"cumulative":72}],"confidence":"medium"}}